In Iraq the militias, with jihadist factions among them, fatally undermined the fledgling civil administration.
Students associated with madrasas formed militias, with the intent of stopping these gatherings of yogic defiance.
Several experts say they are also forming armed militias with no clear accountability.
Nor does he seem to have addressed his own Dawa party militias with similar severity.
The IRGC is said to provide various militias with instructions on whom to kill and how.
In Darfur, Arab militias with tacit government backing have been attacking black Africans.
Like a number of areas in the north, Kunduz Province has become a patchwork of armed militias with overlapping territories.
Falluja and Ramadi are controlled by fundamentalist Iraqi militias, with American troops confined mainly to heavily-protected forts.
Perhaps his greatest triumph was the disarming of Lebanon's militias – with the exception of Hezbollah and the South Lebanon Army.
Patterns of violence are different in the Shiite south, where competing Shiite militias with political ties are vying for power.
Since these would likely become miserable camps infiltrated by sectarian militias, with Americans as vulnerable camp guards, this proposal is notably risky, and has garnered scant support.
