Not surprisingly, our individual-based approach revealed significant individual variability in migration timing, and residency time.
Further work relating spawning migration timing, actual spawning time, development rate, emergence dates and fry size distributions based on pedigrees, PIT tagging, PIT antennas and detailed temperature maps should help clarify sources of variation in fry size distributions.
They predicted shad would employ plasticity to respond to river conditions because of the high predictability and short-time interval between adult migration timing and larval emergence, which is presumably the target of selection.
They argued that the change is adaptive based on a space-for-time comparison of trends in migration timing across a latitudinal gradient associated with temperature in many populations.
Historically, marine survival was lower in the early-migrating fish, suggesting that the shift in adult migration timing might have negative consequences at other life stages.
The researchers also got the first clear look at migration timing.
Although, there was no significant change in timing of migration to the winter grazing land, we detected a significant difference in migration timing to the summer grazing land, before and after the legalization of Cordyceps collection (Figure 4).
Their proposed classification does not consider different aspects of VM migration, timing metrics, migration pattern, and granularity of VM migration for highlighting the application performance and resource consumption trade-off.
Since we restrict the migration timing to the period after the wealth (as well as the other household characteristics) was observed, we avoid the reverse causality bias due to migration impacting wealth7.
More broadly, our results are the first to correlate individual variability in migration timing with the subadult stage.
The value of stopover habitat to migrants is commonly linked to the efficiency of refueling which, in turn, can potentially affect migration timing and success [50].
