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This property is of particular importance since recent studies attributed increases in migration speed to the dimensionality of the cell environment [1], [20].
Only FAM40A-depleted cells had a similar migration speed to control cells (Additional file 13, Figure S3).
Migration of mature melanocytes can be imaged by virtue of their inherent pigmentation and we estimated their migration speed to be around 0.01 μm/minute.
CM from astrocytes increased BMM migration speed to 204.4±34.0 nm/min and microglia-astrocyte CM increased migration to 245.3±52.4 nm/min (p<0.01 compared to speed with media or microglial CM).
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While this enhancement of cell speed was suppressed slightly but not significantly in α-actinin-1 depleted cells, α-actinin-4 depletion reduced migration speeds to values similar to untreated cells, indicating that the enhancement in cell motility observed with ROCK inhibition may be partially attributed to α-actinin-4.
Like p120ctn depletion, knockdown of P-cadherin, β-catenin and α-catenin led to an increase in cell migration speed, similar to results obtained with p120ctn depletion, whereas E-cadherin depletion did not alter migration speed (Fig. 7).
They are distributed in the range of 30 100 m/s with the average of 60 m/s. Figure 4c shows the migration speed normal to the elongation azimuths.
However, as these cells displayed a faster basal migration speed compared to HBL cells, we found that after 24 h no difference was observed between TNF- α-stimulated and unstimulated cells.
To measure neutrophil migration speed in response to soluble chemoattractants, we designed a microfluidic device that establishes chemokine gradients between a central, buffer-filled channel that acts as a sink, and an array of smaller side channels that act as chemoattractant reservoirs.
The dominant migration speed is calculated to be approximately 0.3 to 1 km/day during the interseismic stage (Fig. 4(a)), while 1 to 3 km/day in the preseismic stage (Fig. 4(b)).
Microfluidic devices used to measure neutrophil directional migration speed in response to chemoattractant gradients were manufactured using standard techniques.
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