Compared with the control cells, the Celastrol-treated neutrophils showed an approximately 50% reduction in migrating speed toward a gradient source of fMLP (Movie S1 and S2).
Rooks (Corvus frugilegus) have been observed migrating at speeds of 51 to 72 kilometres (32 to 45 miles) per hour; starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) at 69 to 78 kilometres (43 to 49 miles) per hour; skylarks (Alauda arvensis) at 35 to 45 kilometres (22 to 28 miles) per hour; and pintails (Anas acuta) at 50 to 82 kilometres (31 to 51 miles) per hour.
The Zigmond chamber (Fig. 1A) was first described in 1977 and was designed for studying polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes capable of rapidly migrating at speeds of up to 30 µm/min.
However, there was no difference in the migration speed of DU145 cells in colonies or single cells (Fig. 2D), ruling out the possibility that p120ctn-depleted cells migrated faster because they were predominantly single cells rather than in colonies.
The migration speed of control cells was determined from cells localised within cell colonies (Fig. 2C), but some cells in the population migrated as single cells (Movies S1 and S3).
The cells, treated with NS, migrated at a speed of 8.5 μm/h whereas, treatment with 4 led to a much slower rate (4.5 μm/h) of migration; almost half of the migration speed of NS-treated cells.
It was previously reported that NPCs engrafted in the corpus callosum migrated at the speed of 50 70 μm/day (Flexman et al. 2011).
That's why, when it's complete, the 3G network will deliver peak speeds of 3.6 Mbps, migrating to 14 Mbps by the end of 2007.
However, significant mean Ca2+ activities (Δ F/ F0 > 0.1) were almost exclusively detected in DCs migrating at fast speed (mean speed > 5 μm/min) (Supplementary Fig S2A).
With plant species migrating at different speeds, the entire makeup of mountainside communities is changing and potentially heading toward extinction, researchers conclude online today in Science.
