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The focus of the present study is, in particular, on differences in business achievement indicators among various groups of ethnic (migrant) enterprises in an urban system.
The biggest share of these migrant enterprises and entrepreneurs can be found in the four Dutch big cities; they resemble sometimes a 'Soho' economy.
As a final measure of the entrepreneurial prowess of migrants, one may compare the average performance of migrant enterprises to that of non-migrants.
Of utmost importance is to identify the CSFs of migrant enterprises, which can range from factors at the micro-level to those at a macro-level.
Using performance measures such as sales growth and profits from new Canadian start-ups, Neville et al. (2014) find that migrant enterprises are not generally better performing than those of non-migrants and that very often immigrant-owned firms underperformed.
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The usual suspects in firm performance such as experience, skills, gender, access to finance and growth orientation were found to apply in equal measure to both migrant and non-migrant enterprises.
Our analysis reveals that Wenzhou migrants' enterprises are able to develop interactive fusion with the Italian culture.
In addition, on average, 20%% of migrant-owned enterprises in the 2012 GEM survey expected to create ten or more jobs in the next 5 years, compared to only 14%% of non-migrant-owned enterprises (Vorderwülbecke 2012).
But whether the city government can bring itself to publicly embrace a central role for migrant-run private enterprises remains to be seen -- and policies toward migrant laborers, in general, remain contradictory and punitive.
While there is a growing literature on the development impacts of the rising flows of remittances to poorer countries, it is only fairy recently that attention has been paid to the potential of return migrants to start up enterprises in their home countries.
He will have to combat corruption, improve protections for peasants and migrant workers and rejuvenate private enterprise.
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