Deviations from the null hypothesis (i.e. equal representation) might suggest directional selection or evolutionary constraint.
Therefore, an interconnected core of housekeeping genes might suggest a selection mechanism that evolved to reduce the variation in gene expression at essential gene loci associated with core cellular functions.
If bats are able to recognise conspecific calls from a range of acoustically divergent populations this might suggest that selection for some degree of plasticity in the trait is also favoured.
A positive S score indicates more derived alleles in Neanderthal than expected given the frequency of derived alleles in human; a negative S score, on the other hand, indicates fewer derived alleles in Neanderthal, which might suggest positive selection in the human lineage after divergence from Neanderthal and before divergence in human populations.
While non-zero selection differentials might suggest predator-imposed selection on prey Umax, Urel, and TL, their comparison with the control revealed selection only on TL.
This might suggest that thermal selection is more important than visual selection in generating this pattern.
Using the CG-SMP data from three human populations, we identified two de novo genes, C19orf48 and FLJ26850, with excesses of low-frequency SMPs in Caucasian-American population but not the other two populations, which might suggest population-specific selection footprints.
While the comparison between natural and intelligent selection might suggest that a human eye is as easy to dismantle and reconstruct as a telescope, in actuality, tracing evolutionary histories poses a profound challenge for the scientist.
The greater proportion of males among patients with CH compared to EH should not only be seen as a selection bias, but might suggest that males are less likely to seeking help or being referred to a headache centre, if they have less frequent headaches.
Strong signals of selection at this locus hence might suggest adaptation to local pathogens.
