The differences between the counties might indicate population-level effects of long-term regulated and standardized TB treatment (i.e. DOTS).
The northern and southern haplogroups exhibited a marked star-like shape, which might indicate a population expansion.
For example, when the multi-site program finishes processing the data, it could create a report indicating which output files were created, whether the output contained fieldnames indicating key elements of PHI such as "Medical_Record_Number", and whether the numerical output contained values that might indicate small populations.
Thus, the cutoff point identified in our study of 5.8% is somewhat lower than oftentimes reported, which might indicate that our population is of especially high risk.
The potential for daily dispersal of these bats, however, is relatively high, which might indicate that local populations are actually larger due to area coverage [ 82].
More specifically, the clustering of all sampled dodecaploid populations of P. marginata with hexaploid populations from the southern portion of its distribution, located in the glacial refugium of the Maritime Alps [ 48- 50], might indicate that refugial populations from this area likely played a role in the origin of the dodecaploids.
Alternatively, the pattern might indicate that the ancestral population had been subdivided, but that subsequent gene flow had occurred among the populations.
The uneven-aged structure of the adult population might indicate that some of the trees were established when less than four species were found at this site.
Given the north south gradient in flowering times across Europe, reported also in other common garden studies (Clevering et al. 2001; Bastlová et al. 2004), non-flowering genotypes and strong asynchronies in flowering times within a geographically restricted population might indicate long-distance dispersal events.
The fact that we detect outliers in the same region that has previously been identified as associated with a migratory ecotype, but also between the Baltic- and the North Sea (Hemmer-Hansen et al. 2013), in the Baltic population, might indicate that this region is not selected by migratory behavior per se.
