To identify functionally relevant mRNA targets of miR-31 through which it might exert its antimetastatic effects, the authors employed Gene Ontology analysis on the putative targets of miR-31 predicted by the miRNA-target prediction algorithms TargetScan and PicTar.
Because increased nuclear S1P leads to upregulation of expression of fatty acid metabolism genes and increased mitochondrial activity, it might exert its beneficial function on muscular dystrophy by promoting a switch to a slow twitch muscle metabolism.
It suggested that the effect of Yiqihuoxue formula was much better when administrated for long-term treatment, and it might exert its anti-inflammatory function in the early stage and anti-fibrotic function in the later stage.
Nevertheless, it must be acknowledged that the IPFP might exert its chondroprotective effect by systemic mediators.
It has recently been suggested that metformin might exert its cardioprotective effect by enhancing the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane (Bhamra et al., 2008).
It has been suggested previously that H3K27ac might exert its effects by displacing, and mitigating the silencing effects of, H3K27me3 [ 50], and such a process is consistent with our data.
It has also been suggested that the Phd antitoxin might exert its action by activating another protein that neutralizes the Doc toxin [ 7].
Because of this similarity, researchers hypothesized that resveratrol might exert its function via a mechanism involving HO.
The recently reported association of Nef with an unidentified serine kinase provides a clue as to how Nef might exert its effects.
This raised the possibility that, as for innervation, BMP8b might exert its pro-angiogenic effect indirectly by simulating the production of a pro-angiogenic factor(s).
Finally, X-ray powder diffraction analysis demonstrated that mannitol remained in a crystalline state upon spray-drying with PLGA nanoparticles suggesting that the sugar excipient might exert its stabilizing effect by sterical inhibition of the interactions between adjacent nanoparticles.
