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Middle: Coefficient of variation (CV) calcuated by dividing the standard deviation of each bin by the mean of that bin.
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Lower middle, the coefficient of variation (CV) is an indicator whether interactions change in response to LPS.
On the other hand, middle frequency coefficients are usually less susceptible to various distortions than high-frequency coefficients and hence increase the robustness.
In the BSS-F algorithm, the watermark is inserted into the middle frequency coefficients of the full-frame DCT domain.
The watermarking procedure is performed by embedding a logo watermark of size (64times 64) in the middle-frequency coefficient block of three DWT levels.
Barni and Hsu [16, 17], respectively, recommended that the watermark should be embedded in the middle frequency coefficients to reduce the distortion.
Morphological MRI (top left and top middle), apparent diffusion coefficient map (top right), dynamic contrast enhanced parametric maps (bottom, from left to right): KTrans, Kep and Ve.
Reorder the DCT coefficientSelect a zig-zag scan 5.
This holds when accounting for region effects, but for the middle-aged, the coefficient has the unexpected sign.
In order to make data embedding unperceivable and the visual quality of marked image high, when a certain amount of data is embedded, only lower and middle frequency DCT coefficients are chosen to embed data in the embedding process.
Data are presented as goodness of fit (R, top), the slope coefficient (β1, middle, mean ± standard deviation), and significance of the slope coefficient (p value of β1, bottom).
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