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Strengths of this study included extensive characterization of health-related conditions and neuroimaging data that included microstructural measures in a large and diverse sample of community-dwelling elder adults.
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While none of the microstructural measures obtained, in either pathway, were significantly associated with performance in the difficulty-matched size oddity condition, there were, as reported above, small-to-moderate one-tailed trends between fornix/ILF MD and size oddity.
These are still reported and have now been moved into the main manuscript: "While none of the microstructural measures obtained, in either pathway, were significantly associated with performance in the difficulty-matched size oddity condition, there were, as reported above, small-to-moderate one-tailed trends between fornix/ILF MD and size oddity.
None of the microstructural measures obtained, in either pathway, were significantly associated with accuracy on a difficulty-matched size oddity condition, consistent with the preservation of size oddity after MTL lesions (Buckley et al., 2001).
This hemispheric asymmetry would cause a detectable difference in microstructural measures, as larger, and more densely packed axonal bundles in the left hemisphere lead to increased FA and reduced MD, as reproduced in this study.
Several potential predictive markers have been identified, including changes in ipsilesional/contralesional M1 activity and residual perilesional activity [22 ▪▪], impaired connectivity between key motor regions [77], metabolic markers such as GABA levels in ipsilateral M1 [78 ▪▪], or asymmetry in microstructural measures based on diffusion MRI [27].
In addition, few studies have evaluated microstructural measures.
By applying diffusion tractography methods, we extracted two microstructural measures: mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA).
The microstructural parameters measured in cartilage showed no difference between both control groups.
Generally, MD measures in the brain have been considered to reflect the microstructural integrity of brain tissue (Takeuchi et al. 2011a).
Because its powerful technology can measure microstructural features in the brain, such as the diameter of nerve cell axons, it enables researchers to answer entirely new questions, says CUBRIC director Derek Jones.
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