Individual FA values in the VTA/SN divided the MDD cohort into subgroups with distinct profiles of microstructural abnormalities and different levels of trait anxiety, but no difference in other clinical symptoms of MDD.
These findings suggest that MDD may be associated with abnormal microstructure in brain reward/aversion regions, and that there may be at least two subtypes of microstructural abnormalities which each impact core symptoms of depression.
These include the cohort size in relation to subgrouping, the balance between strengths and weaknesses of our selection of registration methods, the issue of whether microstructural abnormalities are primary or secondary to MDD, and medication status of patients.
For example, nonresponders to 12 weeks of citalopram [ 27] or escitalopram treatment [ 28] showed a greater prevalence of microstructural abnormalities in white matter pathways connecting the cortex with limbic and paralimbic areas such as the anterior cingulate, as estimated using regions-of-interest and voxel-based analysis approaches.
The sheets that developed cracks during vitrification with the coating method in the absence of COOH-PLL showed no microstructural abnormalities, suggesting that the fracturing of the sheet structure did not affect the microstructure.
MDD subgroups exhibited two non-overlapping sets of brain microstructural abnormalities when contrasts were conducted separately (Figures 4, 5, 6).
Lack of control group of healthy term individuals hinders our ability to precisely estimate the impact of the microstructural abnormalities.
We demonstrated the sensitivity of DTI in identifying microstructural abnormalities in patients classified as "symptomatic" TBI with the minimal severity, no loss of consciousness, posttraumatic anterograde amnesia, and no contusions and microhemorrhage on conventional neuroimaging.
Substance-naïve youth with a family history of alcohol dependence show less frontoparietal functional connectivity in the absence of white matter microstructural abnormalities as compared to youth with no familial risk.
Here we used SVM to examine whether the whole-brain pattern of white matter microstructural abnormalities could be used to discriminate between OD patients and healthy controls at the individual level.
