Optical microscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray element analyses and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate corrosion in these materials.
Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrochemistry were used to investigate the nanocomposite.
The nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms.
Membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements.
The characterisation included optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microhardness testing.
The deposited films were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.
Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometery and spectrophotometery were used to characterize the pigments.
These nanocomposites were characterized by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements.
The products were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, spectrofluorometry.
Obtained SnO2 samples (Table 2) were analyzed by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometrically.
The characteristics of Pt Au alloy nanowires were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron spectroscopy.
