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The films were characterized with atomic force microscopy to obtain local thickness and variation in thickness over extended regions.
These experiments employ state of the art optical methods such as polarization modulated dichroism, fluorescence microscopy, and Brewster angle microscopy to obtain in situ measurements of polymer films and small molecule amphiphile monolayers subject to flow.
Selected oxide samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy to obtain electron backscattered diffraction patterns, which were used to identify the oxide species in the layer.
We used cryogenic electron microscopy to obtain what is, to our knowledge, the first asymmetric reconstruction of mature bacteriophage P22 after double-stranded DNA has been extruded from the capsid a state representative of one step during viral infection.
The effects of different amounts of monomer were examined, with NMR to obtain the percent branching, transmission electron microscopy to obtain information on morphology, gel fraction measurement and dynamic mechanical analysis to obtain information on mechanical properties.
Cores with discrepant scores were collectively studied by microscopy to obtain consensus.
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The coarsening behavior is studied using conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopies to obtain the temporal evolution of the precipitate radius, and atom-probe tomography is employed to measure the Sc concentration in the α-matrix.
In addition to standard microscopy, we employed a novel approach using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to obtain a more detailed insight into the CMS distribution in the skin and beyond, based on the sensitivity and uniqueness of fluorescence decay curves [21].
The products were extensively characterized with light scattering, X-ray scattering, thermal analysis (TGA/DSC) and microscopy (TEM/SEM) to obtain information on parameters characterizing polystyrene brush.
Afterward, the samples were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy studies, to obtain a clear picture of the tensile-induced damages.
The morphology change of the basal plane of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was observed by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to obtain information about passivating film (solid electrolyte interface, SEI) formation in this solvent system.
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pass to obtain
microscopy to ensure
microscopy to verify
microscopy to monitor
microscopy to identify
microscopy to scrutinize
microscopy to estimate
microscopy to pinpoint
microscopy to illustrate
microscopy to assess
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microscopy to investigate
microscopy to fix
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