Two-dimensional fission yeast cell images were collected with a FlowCAM imaging flow cytometer (IFC) with peristaltic pump value of 10, 20× microscopic objective, and 26 particle parameters (Fluid Imaging Technologies, Yarmouth, ME).
Raman back-scattered light was collected through a microscopic objective and passed through a holographic edge filter into a multimode fibre (50-μm diameter) and into a 300-mm focal length monochromator, which incorporated a 600/mm grating blazed at 500 nm.
An off-axis spherical wave generated from a microscopic objective (0.65 NA) is combined with sequentially illuminated five reference waves at the recording plane.
The incident laser beam was focused onto the specimen surface through a 100× microscopic objective lens, forming a laser spot of approximately 5 μm in diameter, using a capture time of 50 s.
The fluorescence collected by a 40× microscopic objective (UPLANAPO 40×, NA = 0.85, Olympus) was reflected by a dichroic beam splitter (FF665-Di01−25 × 36, Semrock Inc ., and then focused into a multimode fiber by a microscope objective (20×, NA = 0.4, Newport).
Galvanometers (GM1 and GM2, Cambridge Technology Inc). are used as beam positioning and steering elements to make the laser beam moving along a dynamic circular trajectory before entering the inverted microscopic objective; thus, the trapped cell will follow the circular trajectory with a demagnified radius around the optical axis continuously.
The attempt to resolve the irreversibility paradox along microscopic and objective lines not only enhances the unity of physics and science more generally but it also provides a lesson in the dangers of ad hoc reductionist arguments in general, as well as encouraging an intellectual reconciliation between scientific and wider human experiences.
Dried smears were analyzed by optical microscope in immersion objective and images were captured using the digital system (Nikon Trinocular Microscopic Unit, Model E-200, Japan).
Putative synaptic contacts for all reconstructed biocytin-labeled inhibitory L4 interneuron–L4 spiny neuron pairs were identified by light-microscopic examination (magnification ×100 objective and ×10 eyepiece; see Fig. 6, cf., Markram et al. 1997).
In the same sections we analyzed the muscle fiber diameter in 0.01 mm of the penumbra area (4 observation fields) using a ×20 objective and the light microscopic imaging software CellD (Olympus).
The microscopic analysis was performed using an Olympus FV1000 upright confocal laser scanning microscope (with a 63x/NA 1.3 oil immersion objective), and a Zeiss LSM 710 (with a 63x/NA 1.4 oil immersion objective).
