Histomorphometric evaluation was performed using the stereological software newCAST (version 3.4.1.0; Visiopharm, Hoersholm, Denmark) in combination with a light microscope (Olympus BX51), and we performed quantitative analysis of surface and volume fractions of new woven bone, lamellar allograft bone, fibrous tissue, and marrow space.
Additionally, we performed Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Thermogravimetric Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA), Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) as chemical analyses.
We performed laser confocal microscope observations on immunocytochemically fluorescent-stained cell lines.
We performed SU using the microscope described in Methods and Figure 1.A.
Next, during 15 days of adipogenic induction, we observed the hrGFP gene expression every three days through fluorescence microscope and performed the oil red O staining for comparison.
To prove this point of view, transmission electronic microscope was performed to observe the ultrastructure of renal capillary after ultrasonic irradiation and we found that parts of interstitial capillary walls became thinner, discontinuous, and roughened after UTMD.
All investigations in the tunneling microscope were performed at constant current mode.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), using a JEM-1200EX microscope, was performed to determine the size and morphology of AgNPs.
In microscopy, direct visual inspection under a microscope is performed by an expert to detect the presence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo cysts.
The optimization of the signal, through mirror alignment in the optic pathway of the microscope, was performed for all pinhole apertures following the manufacturer instructions.
