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Given the decrease in next-generation sequencing costs, transcriptional re-sequencing will be a faster and cheaper way to isolate microsatellites, compared with traditional enrichment techniques.
It is suggested that the better results of RFA can be explained by the stronger and larger coagulation effect of thermal ablation on the HCC nodules and on the tumour microsatellites compared with the chemical damage induced by ethanol.
By measuring the ratio of the percentage of microsatellite abundance to the percentage of human sequence that aligns to each genome, we also obtained an indication of whether sequences from each species were enriched or impoverished for microsatellites compared with human sequences (fig. 1 B ). Rather than following a phylogenetic trend, this ratio demonstrated species-specific enrichment.
The observation of a similar relationship when using codon composition instead of amino acid composition as well as a higher variability of low-complexity sequences including microsatellites compared with those composed of minisatellites supports the importance of replication slippage in the observed LCR size variation among isolates.
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ESTs of cucumber were less frequent in microsatellites compared to genomic sequence, with trinucleotides strongly predominating in the formers.
Coding regions (ESTs) of the cucumber genome had fewer microsatellites compared to its genomic sequence, with trinucleotides predominating in EST sequences.
The first study, of patients with CRC and a microsatellite instability genotype, found a significantly higher prevalence of AAT deficiency alleles in CRC subjects than in the general population (21.6% vs. 9.4%), and that smokers with AAT deficiency had a 20-times greater risk than expected of developing high microsatellite instability compared with smokers without AAT deficiency [ 13].
We demonstrated that CRCs in the Vietnamese patients may involve significantly more frequent changes in K- ras and mtDNA genes and in microsatellite regions compared with CRCs in the Japanese patients, indicating that the developmental pathways of CRCs in the Vietnamese may differ from those in the Japanese.
If FST values calculated on the basis of repeat numbers at these 138 microsatellites were instead compared with those calculated on the basis of PCR fragment lengths at all 246 microsatellites in the human-chimpanzee dataset analogous reductions were observed (max = 10.6%, mean = 4.82%, SD = 2.13%).
Tumour budding occurs less frequently in microsatellite-unstable high CRC compared with microsatellite-stable tumours, but has an unfavourable prognostic impact in both molecular subgroups (Jass et al, 2003; Zlobec et al, 2011).
However, it is compatible with a scenario in which the effects of N e are largely abrogated by reduced mutability at human-derived microsatellites in chimpanzees compared with humans due to their generally shorter lengths [ 41, 81– 85, 96, 102– 104].
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