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Their elevated mutation rate makes them ideal markers of genetic difference, but high levels of unexplained heterogeneity in mutation rates among microsatellites at different genomic locations need to be elucidated in order to improve the power and accuracy of the many types of study that use them as genetic markers.
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Twins' zygosity was confirmed by analysing 14 polymorphic microsatellite markers at different chromosomal loci.
Recently, we demonstrated that distinct cellular mechanisms might contribute to dinucleotide microsatellite mutability at different repeat length ranges before and after the threshold length (Ananda et al. 2013).
It is therefore possible that meiotic recombination, or other properties of its hotspots, could contribute to the variability in microsatellite mutation rates at different chromosomal locations.
The most common microsatellite motif was the dinucleotide AT; 110 different AT repeats of length ≥20 bp and purity ≥90% were identified.
We evaluated genetic differentiation based on FST (microsatellites) and NST (mtDNA) at different levels of population subdivision to investigate the structuring of genetic variation in the LFG with respect to reproductive mode, morphotype and host use.
However, previous studies report that heterozygosity at different microsatellite loci may show varying relationships with fitness (e.g. [ 42]).
Although mitochondrial COI gene sequences and nuclear microsatellite loci are informative at different temporal scales, both markers indicated identical patterns of population structure in I. nautilei, regardless of spatial scale.
In contrast to consistent variation of population mutation rates at microsatellites among different subspecies within O. sativa, we observed apparent variation among the studied rice species.
This has been described in a variety of species, such as Drosophila [ 40, 46] and primates [ 47], and has been attributed to the fact that microsatellites can evolve directionally and at different rates in closely related species.
The results further show that these repeated microsatellite pairs (rMP) tend to aggregate at different genome regions along with the segmentally duplicated sequences suggesting a role for microsatellites in segmental duplications in insect genomes.
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