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(2) Transfer of substrate to microorganisms through the pore, also known as internal mass transfer.
Also, using the genome or the proteome might result in new microorganisms through the implementation of biosynthesis cycles.
However, these studies have heterogeneous designs, and they are all performed by instilling high concentrations of microorganisms through the catheter.
Inflammatory stimuli attract neutrophils to infected tissues where they engulf and inactivate microorganisms through the fusion of phagosomes with granules and the formation of phagolysosomes, in which antimicrobial peptides and ROS act synergistically for the clearance of pathogens [26].
Bioremediation is a way of cleaning up heavy metals using biomass (or microorganisms) through the processes of biodegradation, biosorption, bioaccumulation and bioconversion operating in different ways (Kulshreshtha et al. 2014; Mosa et al. 2016).
VAP is mainly due to the use of an artificial airway and repeated microaspirations of secretions from the oropharynx containing microorganisms through the space between the endotracheal tube and the tracheal wall.
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Obviously, throughout the composting process the organic matter is decomposed by microorganisms through which the organic carbon was oxidized to CO2 gas to the atmosphere and thus lowers the C N ratio (Jusoh et al. 2013).
NASA sees the potential of shipping microorganisms through space to the moon or Mars, where they can be harnessed to convert local soils into bricks and mortar or to produce pharmaceuticals, food, or fuel.
A new study argues that the "swimmers" of the natural world — from ships at sea to microorganisms floating through the bloodstream to ubiquitous quantum particles — exert a predictable influence on each other within seemingly chaotic environments.
Revolving around death and rebirth, the series will, "literally guide living microorganisms through minute spatial features inside the artifacts of the dead," Oxman says.
The 'epigenetic'-related approaches include challenging the microorganisms through culture conditions, nutritional or environmental factors, external cues, and stress, as well as, exploiting interspecies crosstalk.
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