Along with the production of novel chemicals, many cow dung microorganisms have shown natural ability to increase soil fertility through phosphate solubilisation.
A number of microorganisms have shown to produce biosurfactants, for example, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Starmerella bombicola produce emulsan, surfactin, rhamnolipids, and sophorolipids, respectively (Cooper et al. 1981; Shoham et al. 1983; Sponza and Gök 2010; Zajic and Supplison 1972).
Many metabolites isolated from these microorganisms have shown biological activities and potential health benefits [ 77].
Studies conducted with microorganisms have shown that cells sense and respond to changes in mechanical forces, such as gravity, with changes in microbial growth and behavior, including a shortened lag phase, increased growth rates, increased resistance to antibiotics [ 3, 4], and changes in transcriptional response [ 5].
In the past few years, scientific and commercial interest in probiotics has grown rapidly as these microorganisms have shown potential benefits, primarily in prevention, in health conditions such as diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis, and allergies (Vanderhoof et al., 1999; Kalliomaki et al., 2001; Rosenfeldt et al., 2002; Mastrandrea et al., 2004; Lin et al., 2005, 2009).
One of the studies of the plant-microorganism system (on the model of red clover and its symbiotic microorganisms) has showed that nanoparticles affect plants and symbiotic microorganisms, significantly reducing the plants' biomass, root colonization by symbionts, nodulation activity, and the flowering ability of plants [12].
Genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) have shown potential for enhanced degradation of a range of substrates.
But even if soap attracts microorganisms, numerous studies have shown exactly zero evidence of bacteria transfer from the soap to your hands.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a class of natural polyester made by microorganisms via fermentation, have shown great promise for tissue engineering applications due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and piezoelectricity [ 3– 5].
Marine microorganisms, including fungi, have shown to be the potential source of pharmacologically active metabolites, because of their capability to adapt and survive in the marine environment, and to produce unique secondary metabolites [ 45].
The process relies on a complex consortium of microorganisms and laboratory tests have shown that the biomass retention, in suspended flocs or attached biofilm, significantly improved SCN− degradation rates.
