Most studies investigating the effects of earthworms on microorganisms have focused on the changes before and after vermicomposting rather than those that occur throughout the process.
Owing to the relative accessibility of the upper airway, previous attention has focused on sampling microorganisms from this region as representative of the airway microbiota.
Due to increases in global energy consumption and supply concerns, much attention has focused on engineering microorganisms for the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, plastics, food products, and more (Balzer et al. 2013).
However, to avoid the toxicity and environmental issues caused by the solvent used for extraction, increasing attention has focused on fermentation using microorganisms as a green bioconversion process for producing bioactive compounds.
Understanding the conditions that allow speciation to occur is difficult because most research has focused on either long-lived organisms or asexual microorganisms.
In addition, considerable research has focused on enhancing organic decomposition by inoculating with specific microorganisms.
Ever since the concept of CBP was proposed in 1996, CBP research has focused on the development of new and even more effective CBP microorganisms, which has been a key challenge (Lynd et al. 2005).
Although the current version has focused on organisms in full-scale nutrient removal activated sludge systems, it also covers most microorganisms important for related systems, i.e. aerobic granules, membrane bioreactors and influent wastewater communities.
Consequently, scientific interest in recent years has focused on alternative methods of hydrogen production, in particular on the use of photosynthetic and fermentative microorganisms for CO2-neutral H2 production from renewable energy sources, such as solar energy and biomass [ 2].
Our work has focused on the determination of physiological traits that may facilitate in situ degradation of xenobiotic compounds by indigenous microorganisms.
