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Although microorganisms are usually thought of as causing spoilage, they are capable under certain conditions of producing desirable effects, including oxidative and alcoholic fermentation.
Naturally occurring microorganisms are usually present in quantities adequate to handle easily biodegradable compounds like alcohols, ethers, and simple aromatics.
In contrast, biotechnological production processes catalyzed by microorganisms are usually carried out with single strains in pure cultures.
Azoreductases from anaerobic microorganisms are highly oxygen sensitive, while azoreductases from aerobic microorganisms are usually oxygen insensitive.
Proteins or other biologically active substances, especially those produced by recombinant microorganisms, are usually contaminated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [3].
These microorganisms are usually associated with food borne diseases and outbreaks, as recorded by official health organizations (Bouazza et al. 2012).
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Despite this micro-scale dependent behaviour, the response of microorganisms is usually studied in and on homogeneous media, which have little resemblance to their natural environment.
Therefore, D-value of microorganisms is usually used in assessing microbial thermal resistance and thermal death time analysis (Berendsen et al. 2015).
Gene deletion in microorganisms is usually conducted by homologous recombination.
Lipid production by oleaginous microorganisms is usually considered as partially growth-coupled.
This microorganism is usually associated with skin and soft tissue infections.
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