Sentence examples for microbial products are from inspiring English sources
Microbial products are high-molecular weight compounds excreted by microorganisms, and they play some important roles for microbial aggregates in natural environment and engineered systems.
However, the effects of RDP on the simultaneous use of carbohydrate and formation of microbial products are not well described, although such information is needed to understand the potential effect on nutrient supplies for ruminants.
Microbial products are responsible for the induction of inflammation.
LPS and other microbial products are constantly sampled by gut-associated lymphoid tissues, which contain the largest assemblage of immunocompetent cells in the body [ 131].
Endotoxin and other microbial products are strong stimuli for IL-1 transcription [ 32], which may explain the increased IL-1β gene expression level in mares immediately after E. coli inoculation (3 h) and in mares culture positive for S. zooepidemicus.
Although bacterial endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other microbial products are major stimuli of monocyte activation in infectious diseases, they are not considered to be relevant stimuli in autoimmune settings.
However, the production of IL-12, p70, induced by microbial products was shown to require Jak3 [22].
Recently, heightened systemic translocation of microbial products was found in persons with chronic HIV infection and this was linked to immune activation and CD4+ T cell homeostasis.
Serum IFNγ was quantified by ELISA, and uptake of microbial products was measured using fluorescently labeled zymosan.
We also found that no lower PBDE congener was detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry during the BDE-209 experiments, indicating that no microbial products were produced.
A wealth of microbial gene clusters that encode novel biosynthetic pathways (or interesting variants of those already described) to bioactive microbial products is being unveiled with the ever increasing number of sequenced microbial genomes.
