Microbial populations, including the presence of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, were simultaneously analyzed during the process, using enrichment techniques and confocal laser scanning microscopy observations with fluorescent indicators.
Multiple gene genealogical analysis has become a common method to address issues of species recognition and to identify the patterns of genetic variation in natural microbial populations, including those of fungi [25], [26].
Resistance can spread to other microbial populations (including those bacteria not previously exposed to antimicrobial agents), jeopardizing humans and animals.
Most microbiota studies have focused on the intestinal tract or feces, but various other body sites harbour important microbial populations, including the nasal passages.
This was not surprising considering that O2 exists in aquatic and terrestrial environments, where it is generated by photosensitizing humic substances (Frimmel et al., 1987; Steinberg et al., 2008), which are known to affect microbial populations including phytoplankton (Glaeser et al., 2010, 2014).
This pioneering book will discuss the advances made and promises of population genomics in microorganisms, outlining some of the key theoretical and practical challenges for microbial population genomics, including defining and identifying populations, genomics-based reverse ecology and building appropriate tools to understand microbes in a variety of complex environments.
Because of this advantage, the DGGE technique has been widely utilized to analyze different microbial population dynamics, including AOA (Hussain et al. 2011; Park et al. 2008) and AOB (Cébron et al. 2004; Nicolaisen and Ramsing 2002; Tourna et al. 2010).
Moreover, a previous study in rats demonstrated that amoxicillin induced alterations in microbial populations that included depletion of the Lactobacillus sp [36].
Simple models of terrestrial ecosystems with a limited number of components are an efficient tool to study the main laws of functioning of populations, including microbial ones, and their communities, as components of natural ecosystems, under variable environmental conditions.
