Sentence examples for microbial patterns and from inspiring English sources

The rational design of adjuvants has become possible as a result of the discovery of the receptors that recognize microbial patterns and lead to dendritic cell activation.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can recognize microbial patterns and utilize adaptor molecules, such as-MyD88 or (TRIF TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β), to initiate downstream signaling that ultimately affects the initiation of adaptive immunity.

The importance of the interactions between pathogen-associated microbial patterns and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in activating innate immunity has been considered as a component of the innate immune system [ 9].

Macrophages consist of a variety of subsets, most of which are highly sensitive to microbial patterns and release DAMPs (such as HMGB1 and dsDNA) in response to TLR stimulation.

Its highly developed ability to recognize microbial patterns and host-derived danger signals relies on so-called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), especially on the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) [ 3– 5].

Although it is commonly accepted that the innate immune system is activated by microbial patterns, Matzinger and co-workers assume in the 'Danger' model that the presence of potentially infectious patterns does not necessarily trigger an immune response, unless there is evidence of host tissue injury by the so-called 'alarm' signals.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and microbial patterns signaling via TLR2 and TLR5 induce a set of non-immune epithelial responses including cell migration, wound repair, proliferation, and survival of primary and cancerous ECs.

We especially highlight recent advances in the molecular understanding of how microbial patterns are detected and discriminated from endogenous compounds by inflammasome sensors.

NAIP-dependent sensing of cytosolic microbial patterns is LRR-dependent, and is currently known to respond to Legionella and Salmonella typhimurium flagellin [26].

To examine the effect of feeding type on microbial patterns among preterm infants and to identify feeding factors that promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria.

The NOD proteins that recognize microbial patterns in the cytosol and endosomal TLRs do not exert such effects.