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Modifications in microbial gene content are pivotal in the adaptation to new environments.
Otto Cordero (ETH Zürich, Switzerland) focused on understanding microbial gene content diversity through the lens of social and ecological interactions.
A recent paper, however, found a bimodal distribution of low and high microbial gene content among the stool microbiotas of both obese as well as lean persons (Le Chatelier et al., 2013).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08490.014 To estimate how often a large (>30 kb) genome fragment could be an integrated prophage and not capture the microbial gene content, we simulated the process for 22 different prophage-containing bacterial genomes 'sequenced' (in silico) at coverage of 5, 25, 50, 75, and 100× (see 'Material and methods').
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Shotgun sequencing approaches, in which no a priori selection of a region or gene of interest is performed, provides a holistic view of microbial communities, gene content, and expression patterns.
In this study, a metagenomic approach was adopted to investigate the microbial composition and gene content contributing to enhanced biogas production from sludge subjected to a novel pretreatment method (maintaining pH at 10 for 8 days) compared to other documented methods (ultrasonic, thermal and thermal-alkaline).
In this study, we aimed to investigate the microbial composition and gene content of sludge subjected to our novel pretreatment method (maintaining pH at 10 for 8 days) which leads to significantly enhanced methane generation compared to other documented methods (ultrasonic, thermal and thermal-alkaline) [ 4].
Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, cloning, and sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene content of microbial samples has revolutionized the characterization of microbial communities [15], [16], this method is expensive and time consuming.
Here, an unbiased RNA-Seq approach utilizing massively parallel pyrosequencing was used to study microbial gene expression in cecal contents from 21-day-old mother-fed (MF) and formula-fed (FF) neonatal piglets.
The gene-centered approach to ecotoxicology will become increasingly important since sequencing of microbial communities can provide relationships between detoxification systems and selective pressures in specific environments, indicating how various selection pressures shape the gene content of microbial organisms.
Since we have a very limited understanding of the capabilities of most species present in the cecum, we investigated the role of the microbiome by comparative analyses of both the microbial community structure and functional gene content using random sample pyrosequencing.
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