Published: October 1, 2015 Metazoans establish diverse forms of functional interactions with their microbial environment, and such interactions contribute to many aspects of animal development, physiology, and evolution (McFall-Ngai et al., 2013).
In addition although we took every preprocessing precaution to enable the most accurate diversity estimation and modeling, newer methods must certainly be tested and validated to provide more accurate descriptions of the microbial diversity in environments such as wounds.
Historically, studies of microbial responses in extreme environments such as severe shifts in pH, osmotic concentration, or temperature, have provided tremendous insight into our understanding of how pathogens adapt and respond during the infection process in vivo [3], [4].
Therefore, it is useful to simultaneously apply and compare results from several molecular methods, such as pyrosequencing and FISH, in an effort to more accurately assess and characterize microbial communities within complex environments such as biofilters.
It provides revolutionary and unprecedented view of the identities, dynamics and functions of microbial communities in various environments such as marine [ 1], human gut [ 2] and many others [ 3- 5].
However, to our knowledge, hydrolase resources have not been explored for microbial communities in aquaculture environments, such as fishing pond sediments where diverse microorganisms thrive according to 16S rRNA gene analysis (unpublished data).
Further studies are necessary in order to quantify the couplings between geochemical variables and microbial properties in temporally dynamic environments such as the vicinity of burrow walls.
As of today, 210 microbial metagenomes sampled from diverse environments such as the ocean, acid mine drainage, soil, bovine rumen and the human body have been reported (http://www.genomesonline.org/).org/
While the microbial communities of other indoor environments, such as homes (Lax et al., 2014), office buildings (Kembel et al., 2014), and hospitals (Bokulich et al., 2013a), can influence the health of their inhabitants, food-production facilities represent a unique type of built environment wherein microbial activities are intimately tied to product-quality outcomes.
