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BvdB and JB performed the microbial composition profiling.
For 16S rDNA based microbial composition profiling and 16S rRNA based microbial activity profiling, barcoded amplicons from the V1-V2 regiof of 16S rRNA genes were generated by PCR and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).
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As might be expected, fraternal twins tend to show a significantly high similarity in their temporal microbial composition profiles.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a long-term low protein diet on the microbial composition and metabolomic profile in the hindgut of the pig.
In this study, an integrated approach combination of 16S rDNA gene sequencing and the mass spectrometry-based metabolomics techniques was used to investigate the effects of weaning stress on intestinal microbial composition and its metabolic profiles of piglets.
However, difficulties in metagenome assembly and functional annotation are bottlenecks of metagenomic sequencing, which cannot give a consensus microbial composition compared with 16S rRNA profiles.
Despite high inter-individual variations in microbial composition, the metabolic gene expression profiles were highly conserved among disease-associated microbial communities.
The software CARMA3 was applied to calculate the taxonomic (microbial composition based on phylogenetic analyses) and functional profile (predicted Pfam protein families based on similarity searches) of the microbial community.
Taken together, these results indicated that weaning stress not only changed microbial composition and function but altered the microbial metabolic profiles in the intestine, which might provide a new insight in alleviating weaning stress and facilitating disease prevention during the period of weaning in piglets.
To characterize the intestinal microbial composition before immune-mediated colitis, faecal samples were submitted for bacterial microbiota profiling using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform.
The model has been validated against human in vivo conditions both in terms of gut microbial composition and metabolic activity (i.e., short-chain fatty acid profile) (Molly et al. 1994; Possemiers et al. 2006).
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