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Mattress dust from homes of cat and dog owners had on average higher levels of microbial components compared to homes without pets, while the associations with dog ownership were stronger and observed for all microbial parameters measured.
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This small vertical component, compared with the large horizontal component, has created the high peak.
Host recognition of microbial components is essential in mediating an effective immune response.
To date, most microbial components that are detected by host innate immune system are non-proteinaceous structural components.
Host-pathogen interactions are generally initiated by host recognition of microbial components or danger signals triggered by microbial invasion.
Chloroform fumigation does not render all of the microbial components extractable, and thus requires a proportion factor (kc = 0.45, see Eq. (1)) to compensate for the unextracted fraction of microbial origin22,29,30.
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are important effectors in the activation of the innate immune responses that recognizes microbial components including nucleic acids1.
As another PRRs family, Nod-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular, cytoplasmic sensor for microbial components and danger signals [3], [4].
They can also be up-regulated by different microbial components and cytokines [ 4, 5, 18].
Specific major histocompatibility complex molecules on T and B lymphocytes also bind microbial components.
As an early surveillance mechanism to detect infection, TLRs recognize specific microbial components or PAMPs.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com