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Indeed, it is likely that the microbial communities respond differentially to natural and experimental seawater warming (Sarmento et al. 2010).
Moreover, a better understanding of how microbial communities respond to environmental pollution is needed to predict the ability of contaminated sites to recover from pollution and to increase the chances of bioremediation strategies to succeed.
Microbial communities respond to the characteristics of seawater, which are affected by regional oceanographic differences, including local upwelling, lagoonal influences, land run-off, and the benthic community structure (especially the amount of benthic algae).
The most straight-forward study to test the hypothesis that microbial numbers are driven by increased macroalgae growth and release of DOC, would be a caging experiment where grazers are added back to a degraded reef to determine if the microbial communities respond.
However, considering the breadth of antibiotics and their various targets, doses, and durations, it is not surprising that gut microbial communities respond to different antibiotics in different ways.
Understanding how populations within microbial communities respond to and metabolize contaminants is key to predicting contaminant fate at sites undergoing intrinsic bioremediation and to optimizing engineered bioremediation approaches.
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The second experiment, conducted in transparent microcosms during autumn overturn, examined how bacterioplankton in unmanipulated microbial communities responded to nutrients concomitant with increasing phytoplankton-derived organic matter.
In deep-sea sediments from the Gulf of Mexico, the EMP data have provided understanding of how the microbial communities responded to the oil pollution from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill [ 13, 14].
Further, although stress and disturbance factors both limited some measures of microbial biomass and activity, the microbial community responded to these two factors in quite different ways.
Although the microbial community responded to both the stress and disturbance factors, these responses did not closely track plant responses to the same factors, pointing to a degree of decoupling between plant and microbial communities.
Our aim of this study under the closed soil microcosm conditions was to investigate which members in a microbial community respond, and in what way, to the addition of chemical pollutants, which was considered as a change of one environmental factor.
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