Living biomasses including fungi [ 39, 40], algae [ 41, 42], and other microbial cultures with different strains [ 43, 44] were also used as low-cost biosorbents.
Our focus in this study was the development of a mutant Y. lipolytica microbial strain with enhanced ability to bioprocess constituents of plant and food biomass, including agricultural waste from cocoa, coffee, manure, energy trees, energy grasses, and food waste to produce a mixture of yeast biomass, bio-oil, and other high-value bioproducts.
Soil microbial properties including microbial biomass C and N, basal respiration, and extracellular enzyme activity were measured during an eight-week laboratory incubation experiment.
n general, OM is oxidized to CO2 and H2O including microbial biomass during the aerobic composting process.
Potential benefits of increased microbial biomass and their activities includes; increased soil aggregate formation and stability, enhanced plant litter decomposition, increased nutrient cycling and transformations, slow-release storage of organic nutrients, and pathogen control (Lagomarsino et al. 2009; Nautiyal et al. 2010).
Similarly, the activities of soil protease and urease increased, together with total microbial biomass involved in N cycling, including nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and azotobacters, as well as the total numbers of bacteria and fungi.
Variables identified as drivers for amoA included pH, Olsen P, microbial biomass carbon, nitrate and total nitrogen while for nifH the variables were microbial biomass carbon, electrical conductivity, microbial biomass nitrogen, total nitrogen and total potassium.
The process of decomposition is complex and includes, for example, ingrowth of microbial biomass and nutrient accumulation in addition to leaching and respiration.
Treatment is achieved via a number of chemical, biological and physical processes including sedimentation, filtration, sorption, reduction, vegetative uptake and microbial biomass assimilation.
Therefore the final model included all environmental variables (% moisture, log microbial biomass N, % organic matter, and inorganic N), FD, and the interaction of FD with each environmental variable (Table 3).
