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Because 99% of microbes cannot be grown outside their own niche, the bugs' DNA is extracted and put into more lab-friendly organisms to look for desired activity.
In a paper appearing June 13 in the journal Nature, the researchers report sequencing the genomes of every microbe in a teaspoon of soil – so-called metagenomic sequencing – and turning up hundreds of genes for complex and potentially useful molecules that would not have been found otherwise because the microbes cannot be grown in a petri dish.
The majority of microbes cannot be cultured by traditional methods.
In addition, the functions of these microbes cannot be directly determined.
But the vast majority of microbes cannot be cultured in the lab, making them refractory to standard analyses.
In microbiology, for instance, the vast majority of microbes cannot be cultivated in the lab, says Ramunas Stepanauskas, director of the Bigelow Laboratory Single Cell Genomics Center in East Boothbay, Maine.
Similar(47)
The CO2 in the central metabolic pathway of E. coli (a facultative anaerobic microbe) cannot be replaced (Merlin et al. 2003).
Now, Roux et al. introduce a new method to identify viruses that infect the microbes in this environment, including those microbes that cannot be grown in the laboratory and which have previously remained largely unexplored.
A suite of 'function-identity' methods has been developed in the past decade to interrogate microbes that cannot be isolated or cultivated (Gutierrez-Zamora and Manefield, 2010).
Since these genes are much conserved among microbes, they cannot be used to unambiguously discriminate at the species level [44].
Metagenomics has gained popularity because it allows researchers to study (the large amount of) microbes that cannot be cultured (Amann et al., 1995) and their role in the environment, for instance in term of interaction with other organisms.
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