* An older genotyping technology, microarrays, has been employed at greater volume by labs such as 23andme.
Transcriptional profiling using microarrays has been used to study the development of these phenotypes.
Deciphering the human genome has opened new horizons, among which the advent of DNA microarrays has been perhaps the most significant.
The success of DNA expression microarrays has been followed by applications of this technology to molecular diagnosis, mainly in the fields of biology and medicine.
Recently, gene expression profiling using DNA microarrays has been shown to be a viable and accurate diagnostic tool to identify the known prognostically important ALL subtypes.
The high throughput discovery of materials using polymer microarrays has been explored for many cell-based applications including the isolation of specific cells from heterogeneous populations, the attachment and differentiation of stem cells and the controlled transfection of cells.
The hybridization, scanning procedures and validation of microarrays has been described previously by our group [37].
In recent years, DNA/RNA duplex formation in microarrays has been studied extensively.
The general effect of incomplete probe synthesis on the hybridization of microarrays has been discussed in refs. [49] and [13].
Although the major use of DNA microarrays has been for mRNA expression profiling, there are other applications [25].
