These include quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) involving stem-loop RT primers combined with TaqMan PCR Applied Biosystemss) analysis [ 15, 16], qPCR with locked nucleic acid primers (Exiqon) [ 17], qPCR using poly(A) tailing (QIAGEN, Stratagene) [ 18, 19], high-throughput sequencing of small RNA libraries [ 20], and microarray analysis (for examples, see [ 21- 26]).
Some genes had unique expression features in other tissues on the third day of the silkworm fifth instar larva according to microarray analysis, for example, exclusive expression was seen for BmSP95 in the head, BmSPH104 in the testis, and BmSPH128 in the ovaries.
When this genes are ranked by current microarray analysis methodologies, for example by calculating the Gini index of gene A using dataset D g i n i A (D ) = ∑ i = 1 m R i d ⋅ g i n i R i where d = | D|, the two genes would have the same rank.
When this gene is ranked by current microarray analysis methodologies, for example by calculating the Gini index g i n i A (D ) = Σ i = 1 m | R i | d ⋅ g i n i (R i ), the first two rows contribute equally to the Gini index because g i n i R i = 1 - ∑ j = 1 n p i, j 2 where p i, j = | C i, j | | R i | is the relative frequency of class C j in R i, and |·| is the notation for cardinality [ 22].
For example, microarray analysis has detected ~1300 mRNA species in EVs of the mouse mast cell line MC/9; detected mRNAs comprise 8% of total mRNA in cells of origin [21].
For example, microarray analysis showed that enrofloxacin, trimethoprim, brodimoprim, and cefquinome had no effects on expression of their targets in P. multocida [ 12].
For example, microarray analysis estimated higher transcript abundances for nr3c2 in tiger salamanders, while nr3c1 did not differ between the species.
For example, microarray analysis revealed selective enrichment of let-7 miRNA family in exosomes derived from highly metastatic gastric cancer cells, when compared with lowly metastatic gastric cells [ 10].
For example, microarray analysis at 24 hrs found that fibromodulin (FMOD, HomoloGene ID 1530) was significantly up-regulated 17.2-fold in the HepG2 cells while no significant change in expression was detected in the Hepa1c1c7 and H4IIE cells.
For example, microarray analysis showed that TLR2 and TLR4 displayed contrasting expression patterns between PBL from the two groups: TLR2 showed decreased expression and TLR4 showed increased expression relative to the control animal group.
