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Given the fact that large decreases in [18F]FP-TZTP brain uptakes were seen only in M2 KO vs. WT mice, we conclude that [18F]FP-TZTP preferentially labels M2 receptors in vivo.
Because macrophages interplay with tumor cells to produce a large amount of CCL20 in the co-culture, and the selective depletion of macrophages completely disrupted the release of CCL20 not only by TAMs but also mouse CRC cells in CD11b-DTR mice, we conclude that TAMs significantly contribute to the production of CCL20 which drives CCR6+ Treg-cell recruitment to the tumor tissue.
Based on the studies in eNOS mice, we conclude that the lack of endothelial nitric oxide production, on its own, may be sufficient to markedly exacerbate the severity of septic shock.
Based on the finding with the Tigm Gga2 −/− mice, we conclude that GGA2 is important for viability of neonates but appears to be dispensable once the mice are past 3 wk of age.
From our experiments with β2-KO and β4-KO mice, we conclude that α5 subunits co-assemble with β2 – but not β4 – subunits in the mouse IPN, as previously suggested (Grady et al., 2009).
Because our results with 129X1/SvJ mice replicate those obtained with C57Bl/6 × 129X1/SvJ mice, we conclude that Perforin-2 deficiency is the primary cause of increased sensitivity to bacterial pathogens.
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Using Boyden chambers and xenografts in nude mice, we concluded that knockdown of SPARC expression inhibited cervical cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
If only a single gene was found in mouse, we concluded that the duplication was recent (occurred after the human-mouse divergence).
Because C. albicans successfully infected the cornea of immunocompetent mice (100%), we conclude that the relative ability of the three Candida species to cause murine ocular infection is C. albicans > C. glabrata > C. dubliniensis.
Based on our results from ULK1 knockdown in MCF-7 cell lines and from Atg7 −/− mouse splenocytes, we conclude that it is the lysosomal turnover of LC3 that best reflects the autophagic flux, not LC3 alone.
Using histology, molecular markers and analysis of Celsr1 and Vangl2 mouse mutants, we conclude that though both are obligatory for normal lung development, these proteins regulate some distinct steps in airway formation.
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