CT scans of sedated mice were notable for vascular congestion and indistinct lobar anatomy (Figure 2A, B).
When we quantified the number of structural brain malformations, we found that Col4a1 +/G394V, Col4a1 +/G1038S and Col4a1 +/Δe x41 were the most severe strains, whereas Col4a1 +/S1582P mice were notable for being much milder than the other strains.
The presence of these tau aggregates in the gp120 mouse is notable: these are a histopathological feature that is common in the Alzheimer's disease brain (Alonso et al., 2001).
While hyperactivity was observed at baseline in the KO mice, it is notable that sleep deprivation also induced hyperactive behavior in the KO mice compared to WT littermates.
The high incidence of NTDs in AMT mutant mice is particularly notable as NTDs have not previously been found to be a common feature of mouse models deficient for folate-metabolizing enzymes.
We have previously shown that Tnfsf4 contributes to atheroma formation using both knockout and transgenic mice [5], and it is notable in this context that lesions in these strains are similar to early fatty streaks in humans, consisting primarily of foam cells without smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibrous cap formation [30].
Our observation of enhanced activation of the NAc in restricted KO mice relative to restricted WT is notable, given the known inhibitory role of 5-HT2CRs oNAcAc function.
The role of p53 in DBA remains unclear but it is notable that mice bearing mutations in RpS19 and Rps20 have low erythrocyte counts that can be restored by p53 deficiency [21].
Among the various models, it is notable that mice with β-cell specific knockout of insulin receptors (βIRKO) and/or IGF-1 receptors demonstrate reduced expression of the glucokinase (GK) gene and blunted glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [4], [5], [6], [7].
In this regard, it is notable that mice lacking CD47 or its partner protein SIRPα, have a similar deficiency in splenic CD4+ DCs (Hagnerud et al., 2006; Van et al., 2006; Saito et al., 2010).
