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These are strains of mice in which a single gene has been deleted.
To test that theory, they used strains of mice in which they induced a disease much like multiple sclerosis.
For his own work, Dr. Kaestner has already engineered strains of mice in which the FoxA-1 and FoxA-2 genes can be switched off.
The gene is so vital that mice in which both copies of the gene are disrupted die after a few weeks.
The mice were crossed with a strain of mice in which the sirtuin-making gene is particularly active.
Researchers can also make conditional knockouts, mice in which a gene of interest can be inactivated in a specific tissue or part of the brain, at any stage in life.
Their methods, based on research with mouse embryonic stem cells, allow creation of so-called designer strains of mice in which virtually any gene can be disabled or knocked out.
That Perry, a molecular embryologist at the University of Bath, tweaked their coat colour isn't new – scientists have been making so-called knock-out mice, in which certain genes are disabled, since the technique was invented in 1989.
This hypothesis was investigated in mice in which TGF-β mediated signaling was perturbed.
Homozygous mutant mice in which the Jak3 gene had been disrupted were generated by gene targeting.
So they bred mice in which all T cells attacked host proteins.
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