For example, female rats and mice express less anxiety than males in a novel environment.
Our studies confirmed that LPS-activated macrophages from old mice express less proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α relative to young cells (Renshaw et al. 2002; Boehmer et al. 2005; Chelvarajan et al. 2005; Gomez et al. 2010).
Significant differences of total retinal d-serine levels were observed between SR+/+ and SR /– mice at P2 (SR+/+, 1110 ± 98.6 nmol/g, N = 7; SR /–, 655 ± 113 nmol/g, N = 6) and in adulthood (SR+/+, 35.1 ± 8.15 nmol/g, N = 7; SR /–, 3.34 ± 1.23 nmol/g, N = 6), with the transgenic mice expressing less d-serine than controls.
These mice also expressed less activated PDGFR in tumour and tumour-associated ECs, had less tumour cell proliferation and had significantly more apoptotic cells than control mice (Uehara et al, 2003).
Compared to LPS-matured BMDCs from A/J mice, those from C3H mice expressed slightly less MHC Class II and CD86 and substantially less CD80 (Figure 7a), likely the result of impaired LPS-induced maturation resulting from the lack of functional TLR4 in C3H mice [49].
Tnc− / − mice expressed significantly less miR-155 than tnc +/+ mice.
Our data also showed that Der p-stimulated mice to which XQLT was orally administered expressed less TrkA in the lungs (Group P and Group T in Figure 6B) than did the Der p-stimulated mice (Group D).
The humanized knock-in mice harboring one allele (S1PLH/−) or two alleles (S1PLH/H) of human S1PL expressed less than 10 and 20% of normal S1PL activity, respectively.
First, Cdc42−/− DP thymocytes expressed less CD69, suggesting that positive selection is impaired in mutant mice.
