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These mice exhibited less freezing behaviour when returned to the same cage than others who received no stimulation.
Despite having a comparable liver steatosis score, IL-6-deficient mice exhibited less lobular inflammation than their wild-type littermates.
In contrast NPY−/− mice exhibited less inflammation with an overall clinical score of 4±0.7 compared to a score of 9±0.5 in DSS-WT mice (p<0.01, Figure 2C).
During the baseline period of this test, GluR2-cKO mice exhibited less generalized fear to the novel environment (main effect of genotype F (1, 31) = 4.6, p<0.05), a phenotype consistent with their overall reduction in context fear.
Both nNOS−/− and NPY−/−/nNOS−/− mice exhibited less inflammation as evident from histological damage (Figure 7A), less cecum shrinkage (Figure 7B), decreased histological score (Figure 7C) and MPO activity (Figure 7D).
Records from individual animals (Figure 2a, d) showed that this was because Vipr2−/− mice exhibited less sustained activity at the beginning of the dark period and more prominent short ("ultradian") cycles of activity and rest than WT in both light and dark periods.
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Trpv2 −/− mice exhibited less-muscle pathology in the mdx background, suggesting that the TRPV2 channel itself is a critical disease determinant (Table 2).
The role of inflammasomes in MDSC recruitment and immunosuppression is further supported by a study reporting that tumors derived from Nlrp3−/− mice exhibit less infiltrating MDSC than those from WT mice (van Deventer et al., 2010).
Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of GM2 and GM3 gangliosides in the neocortex of Npc1−/− mice yielded similar results in terms of cholesterol storage, with combination and CD-treated mice exhibiting less ganglioside accumulation than untreated mice (Fig. 2B, C).
This is demonstrated clearly in the concurrent choice test where both groups consumed the same amount of total food but the sucrose-exposed mice consumed less sucrose— available, but associated with a cost— showing that the sucrose-exposed mice exhibit less incentive motivation to work for sucrose.
Our results confirmed the important role of MIF in MMP-2 production, because MIF gene-deficient mice exhibit less joint MMP-2 than wild-type mice.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com