As shown in Figure 4A, the mammary fat pads from 16 month WT mice were primarily composed of large uni-locular fat cells, whereas the adipose compartment of VDR KO mice contained smaller adipocytes, many of which were multi-locular and histologically reminiscent of brown adipocytes.
In support of these findings, transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the RGC soma in the GCL and its axon in the nerve fiber layer of glaucomatous D2 mouse contained small fragmented mitochondria, whereas the D2- Gpnmb + mouse contained a tubular form of elongated mitochondria in both layers.
Since a high proportion of protein-coding genes in both humans and mouse contain small insertions from common TEs such as Alu and B1 type elements, we limited our survey to genes with protein coding regions of at least 30% sequence length homology to a known TE (see Materials Methods).
By contrast, the lungs of resistant mice typically contained small granulomas, occupying approximately 25-50% of lung tissue, comprising macrophages and abundant perivascular lymphocytes, but little necrosis or neutrophils, resembling the M.-tuberculosis-resistant C57BL/6 founder strain (Vesosky et al., 2010; Niazi et al., 2014).
The pancreas of orexin knockout mice contained a small quantity of OX1R compared to the pancreas of the wild type.
Of note, immunohistochemical assessment of p53 expression in the skin of untreated mice revealed that, in contrast to p65FL mice that did not show p53 staining, the epidermis of p65EKO mice contained a small number of keratinocytes showing nuclear p53 staining (Supplementary Fig S3).
Approximately 11%% of cortical neurons in symptomatic mice from the 5a line contained small (<1 μm) punctate cytoplasmic inclusions when probed with phosphorylation-specific TDP-43 antibodies that were absent in NT mice (pS403/404, Fig. 3a, b; pS409/410, Fig. 3c, e).
However, upon necropsy, we found that the mice injected with Bz-treated cells contained small dormant tumor nodules [Fig. 2b].
By contrast, hepatocytes of control mice contained only sparse and small droplets of lipid.
