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Exact(4)
The degree of risk is unknown but probably significant, because of the large and growing numbers of genetically engineered mice now maintained by, and shipped among, biomedical research institutions and because many of the mice at risk have mutations that could alter resistance to infectious agents.
Moribund mice at risk for distress were euthanized in accordance with the local animal care committee protocol.
We include those 6 mice in our analyses because their ages of death contribute to the changing base population of mice at risk at different ages.
Tumor multiplicity was calculated as the cumulative number of papillomas observed divided by the number of mice at risk when the first tumor was observed.
Similar(56)
This plot presents the Kaplan-Meier estimate [ 2] at each age of the fraction of mice that have not yet developed GI tumors among the population of mice that remain at risk.
In a toxicologic study, Vancza et al. (2009) found small differences in effects by sex in adult mice with respect to pulmonary inflammation and injury after O3 exposure, with adult female mice generally more at risk.
Using a well established breast cancer model (in which mammary tumour formation [5] is produced by overexpression of an activated form of the ErbB2 gene), it was observed that mice that are at risk for breast tumours also experience the inability to produce enough milk to support the survival of their offspring.
When researchers gave prebiotics to the at-risk mice, their levels of A. muciniphila increased, improving the functioning of the gut lining and resulting in a reversal of fat mass, inflammation and insulin resistance.
In diabetes-prone models, administration of systemic viral infection induced regulatory T-cells to at-risk mice will transfer the protective effect, with suppression of CD8 T-cell response to viral infections in part dependent on transforming growth factor (TGF -β producTGF -β
Despite experiencing a similar ischemic area, as assessed by the area at risk, mice treated with DDFPe immediately following initiation of the ischemic event by LAD ligation experienced a significantly smaller infarct.
The importance of this finding relates to the fact that in the mouse DMBA/TPA model, papillomas at risk for developing into cancer are characterized by rapidly proliferating keratinocytes in the basal and parabasal layers of the papilloma [ 35].
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