We do not know whether the effects of locomotion that we have uncovered in mouse also extend to other species such as cats, primates, or humans.
The maximal and minimal lifespan (calculated as the mean of the oldest or youngest 10% of mice within a genotype) of Dgat1−/− mice were also extended by ~3 and 6 months, respectively (Table 1; p < 0.0001).
The transcriptional modulation of these genes during DC maturation was not only confirmed in DC subsets from MCMV-infected mice but also extended to all the other conditions tested (Fig. 3).
These observations correlated with our findings of accumulation of phosphorylated Stat3 within cells that collectively comprise the fibrotic areas of either bleomycin-challenged gp130 757F or gp130 wt mice, which also extended to cells immediately adjacent to the collagenous deposits (Fig 5B).
Rapamycin also extends mouse lifespan (i) when given as a brief (6 week) treatment to aged C57BL/6 mice (Chen et al., 2009), (ii) when given by subcutaneous injection to female mice carrying the tumorigenic HER-2/neu transgenic mice (Anisimov et al., 2010), or (iii) when administered by injection to female inbred 129/Sv mice (Anisimov et al., 2011).
A mutation that blocks production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine MIF (migration inhibition factor) also extends mouse lifespan (Harper et al., 2010).
Another dynein heavy chain mutant allele, Dync1h1Cra1/+, also extends SOD1G93A mouse lifespan [30] while a third allele, Dync1h1Swl/+ does not [21].
The presence of an acute phase response to NAFLD and NASH also extends to mouse data [ 38, 39].
Rapamycin not only delays typical age-related diseases in animal models but also extends life span in mice [ 113- 119].
Tumors from both types of mice also showed extended core 1 and core 2 structures partially decorated with sialic acid and fucose residues, and looking at this gross level, no consistent changes in the profile of O-glycans could be seen between tumors originating from the STGal-I/PyMT mice or the control/PyMT mice (see Supplementary data).
