Compared to C57Bl/6 mice, db/db mice showed a diminished initial exclusion and increased vascular clearance of Dex70 versus Dex40 (P < 0.05), and both were improved by the metformin treatment (P < 0.05).
IL-21R-/ mice have a diminished capacity to produce IgG1 in response to immunization, whereas IL-21 transgenic mice develop hypergammaglobulinemia [ 60].
Interestingly, older mice exhibit a diminished ODC rise in the ovaries, and a corresponding increase of PSSC in eggs.
Although this report implicated an inhibitory role for PD-L1 in the deletion or regulation of CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells from PD-L2-deficient mice have a diminished capacity to activate CD4+ T cells [ 26].
Concerning the pathophysiology of G1D, Marin-Valencia et al. [ 9], demonstrated in a G1D mouse model a diminished cerebral lipid synthesis.
In both humans and mice, neonates have a diminished capacity to mount the Th1-type responses involved in controlling intracellular pathogens [5] [7].
MCP-1 KO mice showed increased viral load, a diminished influx of macrophages and granulocytes and increased pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNFα and IL-6 [53].
To examine whether the increased CM-DCFH oxidation observed in fibers from old mice was potentially due to a diminished ability to detoxify the major ROS, H2O2, through the reduced muscle GSH content, fibers from both young and old mice were pretreated with GSHEE to elevate muscle GSH content.
Moreover, SR-A deficient mice have diminished clearance of S. aureus and survival following IP infection, and macrophages from SR-A deficient mice exhibit diminished phagocytosis of S. aureus [5].
This is also the case for Papp-A (pregnancy associated plasma protein A) [ 74], which was not identified in the present study, but is of importance since Papp-A-KO mice exhibit diminished IGF-I bioactivity and extended lifespan [ 75].
