Emphasis is placed on the methods undertaken to optimise designs for many different applications, and critical analysis of these processes is included.
Judging by results, the methods undertaken to teach software development to large classes of students are flawed; too many students are failing to grasp any real understanding of programming and software design.
Detailed methods undertaken to assemble and assess the evidence for the interventions in this paper are given in the first paper in this series [ 5].
Left truncation is a standard method undertaken to limit sampling bias when one is unable to consistently observe the time when an event might have occurred.
In order to meet these combined requirements, traditional archaeological recording, laser scanning and 3D photographic reconstruction methods were undertaken to provide a detailed baseline record of the rock art.
Detailed field surveys in all trial areas for which consent was obtained (see Methods) were undertaken to record the location of badger setts and other field signs of badgers such as latrines and paths.
Comparisons between GIA methods were undertaken to differentiate the effects of dialysis, culture media, heat-inactivation of plasma, flat vs. U-bottom tissue culture plates, number of growth cycles examined, and parasitemia measurement modalities.
In the absence of a clear structural homologue from PDB or pattern prediction, knowledge-based approach to structure prediction employing the fold recognition and protein threading methods was undertaken to determine computationally a suitable template model for the exon 2 encoded polypeptide.
Bioinformatic analysis, and post-hoc pairwise comparisons, as described in Methods, was undertaken to evaluate the statistical power of spots shown to be differentially expressed between the treatment groups.
A cost-effectiveness analysis using standard analytic decision methods was undertaken to assess the incremental cost per life-year gained from first-line maintenance erlotinib compared with best supportive care in patients with EGFR wild-type stable metastatic NSCLC.
The list of genes for which the function remains unknown (e.g. α-synuclein, amyloid precursor protein, Huntington), and the enzymes of known function but unknown physiological pathways (e.g. SOD1, PINK1, LRRK2, Parkin) is likely to continue to grow apace as powerful genetic screening methods are undertaken to uncover disease mutations.
