However, these methods involve several complex processes and require toxic chemical reagents or valuable catalyst.
However, the current delipidation and decellularization methods either involve tedious and lengthy processes or require toxic chemicals, which may result in the elimination of vital proteins and growth factors found in the ECM.
Conventional methods for the conjugation of Trp, which has an average abundance of approximately 1%, require toxic heavy metals or biochemically incompatible conditions.
These processes are energy intensive and require toxic chemicals [5, 6].
Thus, neurotoxicity appears to require toxic oligomeric assemblies of Aβ.
Disadvantages of the classical synthesis method are that the method is lengthy, requiring toxic solvents and chemicals in large excess, and 9 steps to convert mannitol into identical fatty acid chain PC's and 14 steps to mixed fatty acid chain PC's.
However, the synthesis and fabrication of supported silver nanomaterial via these methods require extensive use of toxic and highly cost chemicals and organic solvents, which frequently raise health and safety issues [14].
All these methods require high energy and involve the use of toxic chemicals.
However, vitrification methods require the use of high CPA concentrations which increase the risk of osmotic and toxic damage.
