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Further, the diversity of structure among orchid flowers can be attributed mainly to the methods of pollination found in the family or to the fact that the family is adapted for the utilization of a number of different types of pollinators.
The observed phenomenon can be explained by the early angiosperm ability to colonise disturbed coastal plain environments due to their abbreviated reproductive cycle and generalised methods of pollination and seed dispersal.
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With reference to sexually propagated crops, the concept of cultivar depends on the method of pollination.
While just a theory at the moment, the team hope to confirm the method of pollination, which he said would be unique in the Magnoliales order of plants, which includes magnolia.
When quantifying the relationship between self-pollination and floral-display size, we used the direct-estimation method of the self-pollination rate (S dp ) for each maternal genotype again because we were unable to estimate method-of-moments self-pollination rates.
We were unable to estimate method-of-moments self-pollination rates with regard to each unique maternal genotype (i.e., rate of self-pollinia inserted into flowers of inflorescences with the same genotype) because the median- and mode-inflorescence insertion rates were 0, so we estimated S m for each visitor taxon (S mp ).
Although a complex and highly evolved method of insect pollination is seen in Ficus, most species of these four families are wind-pollinated, and some species have adaptations that enhance this process.
We found that direct contact of the anthers to the stigmas was the most effective method of hand pollination.
For the method-of-moments estimation of self-pollination (S mp ), A. mellifera had the highest self-pollination rate (0.88 ± 0.1), followed by Bombus spp. (0.49 ± 0.19), and the lepidopterans (0.41 ± 0.38).
Pre- and post-fertilization barriers can be overcome by a range of methods, including pollination techniques, ovule and embryo rescue, and polyploidization.
To date there has been no easily available method for landowners to determine the potential of pollination delivery across the land effectively and rapidly.
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