Currently, DU velocimetry of uteroplacental, umbilical and fetal vessels has become established method of antenatal monitoring, allowing the non-invasive assessment of fetal circulation [ 2] and its indices provide important information on the haemodynamics of the vascular area under study [ 3] that were not readily obtained from more conventional tests of fetal well-being [ 4, 5].
Consequently there has been a call to evaluate the use of more affordable, sustainable methods of providing antenatal ultrasound in this environment [ 19].
To compare two methods of delivering antenatal group hypnosis in a double blind fashion, one method using a hypnotherapist to deliver the intervention followed by an audio cd on hypnosis for re-enforcement of the techniques learned.
Demographic data including birthweight, gestational age, Apgar scores, method of delivery, antenatal steroid use, neonatal steroid use, and size for gestational age was collected for each infant.
Subject demographic information (birth weight, gestational age, Apgar scores, gender, method of delivery, antenatal steroid use, neonatal steroid use, size for gestational age) was extracted from the patient's medical records.
Understanding decision-making by women and by health professionals requires suitable study methods (as recommended by the review of antenatal screening for Down syndrome [ 20]).
Information collected by the GDHS survey relevant to the study includes: background characteristics of women and their husbands/partners, reproductive histories, current use of contraceptive methods, antenatal visits, delivery assistance and health facility deliveries.
The increased access to health services and the promotion, availability and provision of contraceptive methods, antenatal care, and postnatal care at community level, and promotion of hygiene and sanitation services by HEWs, has contributed to the improvement in these indicators.
22 23 Using data from the 2006 Afghanistan Health Survey, a population-based survey, Viswanathan et al 23 examined if the presence of a CHW increased the use of modern methods of family planning, attendance at antenatal care and skilled attendance at birth, all of which form part of the basic package of health services intended to deliver cost-effective primary healthcare in rural areas.
The LHW programme in Pakistan delivers vaccination to children and promotes the use of antenatal services and modern family planning methods, among other activities [ 6].
