In the optimization a number of relatively new mathematical optimization methods (leap-frog – LFOPC, Dynamic-Q, ETOPC, and particle swarm – PSO) are used, in order to ensure confidence that the finally computed optimum design is accurately determined, and indeed corresponds to a global minimum.
The new method, LEAP (Low-Energy Anti-fibrillation Pacing), developed by a team co-led by Flavio Fenton from the Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, uses a heart catheter to create a sequence of five weak electrical signals in the heart.
A more recent work (Liang et al., 2014) has shown that the ab-initio method LEAP is able to achieve significant improvements over all the other tested methods on the FREAD benchmark.
Black rightly observes that eugenic research into heredity combined "equal portions of gossip, race prejudice, sloppy methods and leaps of logic, all caulked together by elements of actual genetic knowledge to create the glitter of a genuine science".
Tian and Burrage [ 22] introduced a modification of Poisson τ-leap methods known as Binomial τ-leap methods that avoids the issue of obtaining negative molecular numbers from which Poisson τ-leap methods can suffer.
Processing times (in thousands of seconds) of 10 simulations of System 1 using Euler τ-leap, midpoint τ-leap and θ-trapezoidal τ-leap methods and their extrapolated and double-extrapolated versions.
Other speakers at the same meeting, including local parents, claimed the new teaching system was "a recipe for chaos", and that giving control of local education to a Swedish group with "unproven methods" was "huge leap of faith on a hope and a prayer".
"It's very easy to adapt our technology to different platforms and different input methods, like the Leap Motion," explained Syntellia founder and CEO Kosta Eleftheriou in an interview.
To compare our results with those of the LEAP method, we also tested the method on a benchmark used for the assessment of both template-based and ab-initio loop structure prediction methods in (Choi and Deane, 2010).
The relative variance at the steady state is 1.3 (see Additional file 1) for the Poisson τ-leap while for both RK τ-leap methods with s = 3 and s = 5 (ϵ = 0.1) it is less than 1.04.
In this paper we extend Poisson τ-leap methods to a general class of Runge-Kutta (RK) τ-leap methods.
