Nevertheless, the improvements in spectroscopic methods have historically stimulated natural products chemistry and the efforts to examine new compounds from unusual organisms rapidly and systematically.
The two most popular methods have historically been the full matrix 3 (all small-molecule programs, including Olex2, as explained in Appendix B ) and conjugate gradient LS (CGLS, see e.g. Björck, 1996 ▶) which SHELXL offers as an option along with full matrix.
However, using this method has historically been costly and required researchers to have special training.
Randomization as a stochastic method has historically been the method of choice and is still the most frequently used method.
The 90 artists whose works appear in Little Dreams in Glass and Metal are united in the sense that, in an age of 3D- printing and computerized graphic editors, each artist is embracing a manual artisanal method that has historically been under-recognized and under-appreciated — until now.
The 90 artists whose works appear in Little Dreams in Glass and Metal are united in the sense that, in an age of 3D- printing and computerised graphic editors, each artist is embracing a manual artisanal method that has historically been under-recognised and under-appreciated — until now.
Furthermore, one of the primary methods of contraception among women has historically been sterilisation, which does not protect against the transmission of HIV.
Such rudimentary methods are used either because there has historically been no suitable mathematical structure with which to represent the relevant grain boundary information, or, where there are existing methods they are extremely unintuitive and cumbersome to use.
This information flow plus thoughtful investment theses, due diligence and sharp character judgments are the primary basis of top investors' investment decisions – methods that have historically generated alpha for limited partners.
