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The dog welfare organisation said a ban would ensure that pets were trained with "positive methods, free from pain".
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Additionally we applied a multi-response permutation-procedure test, a data-driven method free from assumptions about the underlying distribution.
Complex three dimensional (3D) α-MnS flowerlike hierarchical architectures with 1 2 mm in diameter built up of ultrathin nanosheets, with ∼ 600 nm in length, 150 300 nm in width, and about 10 20 nm in thickness, have been synthesized firstly by a simple hydrothermal method free from templates or matrixes and organic additives.
This paper focuses on solving the registration challenge in an unprepared environment (i.e., outdoors, where sensor-based AR is by far the most reliable tracking method free from constraints put on the user).
As another feature, this representation makes the method free from any parameter setting by the user.
Due to skewness in the distribution of the overall PACIC scores, standard errors were calculated using a bootstrap method, free from parametric assumptions, using 10,000 bootstrap samples.
As a result, the presently developed methods are free from other complicated methods used earlier by various workers to determine the solutions of such integral equations.
This mandatory immobilization of the augmentation scaffold to prevent fibrous tissue encapsulation of the implanted grafts [ 27– 29] can be obtained by traditional surgical methods: free bone block grafts, harvested from the chin or lateral ramus of the mandible, are rigidly fixed to the augmentation site with osteosynthesis screws.
Interestingly, all methods tend to err more often to the positive side, i.e., they overestimate life expectancy, although the non-classical methods are free from the classical method's sources of error that is nested in the stationarity assumption.
None of these methods is free from biases.
We believe that none of these methods is free from limitations, and the fact that in practical applications various tests give contradictory results has been noticed previously [ 10, 11].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com