In this article, two methods developed for transducer and target separation measurement have been described and compared.
Finite element method was used for transducer design and evaluation.
Simulation results show that, in the imaging depth of 45 mm, the resolutions calculated as the total width of the −6 dB main lobe in x-direction are 1.099 mm, 1.056 mm and 0.596 mm for the methods with 1D transducer, 2D transducer and the single element transducer, respectively.
The resolution in y-direction is 1.054 mm for the methods with 2D transducer, and 0.565 mm, 0.593 mm for the 1D and single element transducers, respectively.
This paper introduces a novel method for designing the transducer of a highly directional ultrasonic range sensor for detecting obstacles in mobile robot applications.
This method cannot be used for transducers working at high frequencies, about 0.5 MHz.
A variety of methods for simulating the ultrasound field produced by transducers are currently used in ultrasound imaging system design.
We have previously shown the development of new methods for potentiometric [20, 21], amperometric [22] and conductometric [8, 23] transducers based on immobilization of enzymes on zeolites.
The majority of traditional methods for making underwater acoustic pressure measurements involve placing all or part of a measurement transducer in the acoustic field.
A number of methods for measuring ICP in anaesthetised rats have been described, including epidural monitors, subdural, ventricular and cisterna magna catheters, intra-parenchymal transducers and, recently, lumbar cannulation (for a comprehensive overview see Uldall et al. [ 9]).
